עדכוני חקיקה ופסיקה

שעה שיחסי הכוחות בין צדדים להסכם דומים תניית שיפוט מחוץ לישראל אינה נחשבת מקפחת

28 אוגוסט 2018

הדפסה

פורסם ב אפיק משפטי 266 26.09.2018

אגודה שיתופית ישראלית וחברה הולנדית התקשרו בחוזה לאספקת סחורה, אשר כלל תניית שיפוט זרה לפיה מחלוקות בין הצדדים יתבררו בבתי המשפט בעיר האג בהולנד על פי הדין ההולנדי.

בית המשפט בחיפה דחה תביעה של האגודה השיתופית הישראלית וקבע כי על הצדדים להתדיין בבית המשפט בהאג, הולנד. חוזה אחיד הוא חוזה שנוסח לרוב בניסוח אחיד בידי צד אחד לשם התקשרויות רבות עמו. מגבלה על פניה לערכאות מחוץ לתחום השיפוט של הצד שלא ניסח את החוזה האחיד עשויה להיחשב מקפחת ולכן בטלה. כאן דובר בצדדים בעלי יכולות מיקוח שוות ערך בעת ניהול משא ומתן וביחס לעיצוב תנאי ההתקשרות ביניהם. אין מדובר ביחסי כוחות חריגים ומשכך גם החוזה שנחתם ביניהם אינו חוזה אחיד עם תניית שיפוט זרה אשר מקפחת את הצד הישראלי. תניית השיפוט מבטאת את רצונו של ספק הסחורה שלא להיגרר לכל הארצות אליהן משווק סחורתו ורצונו לרכז את כל הסכסוכים במקום אחד שהוא מקום מושבו של הספק. מדובר ברצון לגיטימי ומדיניות בתי המשפט הישראלים הינה לכבד תניות כאלה שכן הן חלק מהסכם בין הצדדים עצמם ובית המשפט לא נוטל חלק פעיל בהפרת הסכמים.

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