עדכוני חקיקה ופסיקה

עיקולים המוטלים במסגרת תיק הוצאה לפועל לא יחשבו כלשון הרע

12 מרץ 2021

הדפסה

פורסם ב אפיק משפטי 331 24.03.2021

בנק הטיל נגד לקוח לשעבר עיקולים במסגרת תיק הוצאה לפועל שבו הייתה קיימת יתרה קטנה של כ 1,500 ₪ בלבד, לאחר שבמשך 3 שנים הלקוח לא קיבל כל הודעה או התראה מהבנק בדבר קיומו של החוב. הלקוח דרש פיצוי בגין לשון הרע ופגיעה בשמו הטוב.
בית המשפט דחה את התביעה וקבע כי עיקולים שהטיל הבנק במסגרת תיק הוצאה לפועל חוסים תחת הגנה ואינם מהווים לשון הרע. הטלת צווי עיקול אשר מציגים אדם כמי שאינו משלם את חובותיו באופן שלא היה מנוס מהטלת עיקולים על רכושו, מהווים לכאורה פרסום לשון הרע נגדו. עם זאת, יש להבחין בין עיקול המוטל על ידי רשות מנהלית בהתאם לסמכותה, שאז יש משמעות לשאלה האם העיקול הוטל כדין או לא, לבין עיקול המוטל בגדרו של הליך שיפוטי משום שלפי החוק פרסום 'לשון הרע' שנעשה במסגרת הליך שיפוטי חוסה תחת הגנה מוחלטת. כאן, לא הייתה כל משמעות לשאלה האם העיקול בוצע "כדין" או לא משום שהעיקול הוטל במסגרת הליך שיפוטי (תיק הוצאה לפועל) ולכן אין מדובר בפרסום שיכול להיחשב כלשון הרע.

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