עדכוני חקיקה ופסיקה

הודאה במסגרת שיחת טלפון לא תהווה הודאה אשר מאפסת את התיישנות התביעה

17 מרץ 2025

הדפסה

פורסם ב אפיק משפטי 436 02.04.2025

אדם הודה בקיומו של חוב בשיחת טלפון שהוקלטה. בעקבות הודאה זו הוגשה תביעה למרות שתקופת ההתיישנות חלפה.

בית המשפט העליון קבע, כי שיחת הטלפון אינה מספקת כדי לאפס את תקופת ההתיישנות. על פי חוק, בדרך כלל לא ניתן להגיש תביעה בגין עילה שאירעה לפני יותר מ-7 שנים, כאשר הודאה בכתב או בפני בית המשפט מאפסת את תקופת ההתיישנות, אשר מתחילה להיספר מחדש. הקלטת דברים שנאמרו בעל-פה, אף בלא ידיעת הדובר, עשויה להיחשב במקרים מסוימים ל-"כתב". עם זאת, לצורכי איפוס תקופת ההתיישנות, על ההודאה להיות מפורשת מלאה ומפורטת ולכלול לא רק אישור לעובדות אלא גם לקיום זכות של הצד השני. מכיוון שחזקה, כי אדם שוקל מילותיו בפני בית משפט בעוד שייתכן שבשיחת טלפון פחות יזהר בדבריו, אמירה בעל פה בשיחת טלפון או פנים אל פנים לא תיחשב כהודאה המאפסת את תקופת ההתיישנות, אלא בנסיבות מסוימות, בהן אדם מודע להיותו מוקלט, ומתוך רצינות וכובד ראש מחליט להודות בעל פה בקיום זכותו של הצד השני. כאן, לא נעשתה הודאה בכתב או בפני בית המשפט, אלא רק במסגרת שיחות בין הצדדים. לפיכך, התביעה התיישנה ולא ניתן להגישה.

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