עדכוני חקיקה ופסיקה

זכות קדימה בהסכם שיתוף במקרקעין תישאר בתוקף גם לאחר תום חמש שנים מחתימת ההסכם

31 אוקטובר 2024

הדפסה

פורסם ב אפיק משפטי 426 13.11.2024

שותף בנכס מקרקעין העמיד לאחר כ17 שנה למכירה את זכותו בנכס לצד ג' וזאת על אף שבהסכם השותפות במקרקעין הוענקה ליתר השותפים זכות קדימה בנכס.

בית המשפט העליון קבע כי, זכות הקדימה הינה בתוקף בהיותה זכות קניינית שאינה פוקעת בחלוף חמש שנים. חוק המקרקעין קובע, כי תניה בהסכם שיתוף השוללת או מגבילה זכות של שותף במקרקעין להעביר את חלק ללא הסכמת יתר השותפים לא יכולה להגביל לתקופה של מעבר חמש שנים. עם זאת, מגבלת חמש השנים מתייחסת למגבלות שנקבעו כמטרה בפני עצמן ולא לפגיעה ביכולת לעשות עסקה הנובעת מהקניית זכות קניינית במקרקעין ומנוגדת לאותה ההקנייה. זכות קדימה במקרקעין הינה זכות קניינית. כאן, מדובר בזכות קדימה שניתנה לשותפים לרכוש את החלק שברצון המוכר למכור. משכך אין מדובר בהגבלה גרידא על זכות המוכר למכור אלא בזכות קניינית שניתנה לשותפים האחרים לרכוש את חלקו. משכך, מגבלת חמש השנים איננה חלה וזכות הקדימה החוזית הינה בתוקף.

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